Dr. Bodenbender's Research

I am interested in applying new methods to problems in geology and invertebrate and vertebrate paleontology. My current work focuses on digital photogrammetry, which creates 3-D computer models from digital photographs of geological features or fossils. Ongoing photogrammetry projects include modeling sand dunes in order to measure rates of erosion and sand accumulation, and creating in-the-round computer models of fossils. Other recent work has included the excavation of Jurassic dinosaurs near Shell, Wyoming. I also have long-standing interests in studying the evolution of patterns of crystal orientations in fossil echinoderm skeletons, and in using stratigraphic data to help infer evolutionary relationships.

Measuring sand dune erosion – I am using pole aerial photography and other methods to take digital photos of sand dune landscapes.  I build the photos into 3D computer models, with the goal of comparing changes in models over time to measure sand movement in different parts of the dune environment.  This may help assess how significantly people affect dunes compared to natural processes.  Image of sand dune and vegetation at Saugatuck Harbor Natural Area taken from radio-controlled camera on 16-foot pole.

3D computer models of dinosaur bones – The goal of this project is to use digital photogrammetry to create in-the-round, photorealistic computer models of dinosaur bones.  These models record the dimensions of fossils better than still photos, are easier to copy and transport that the real fossils, and can contribute to a virtual specimen identification guide.  Photos of dinosaur femur taken at 15 degree intervals, for creation of 3D computer model.

Annotated 3D outcrops –  I am working to produce 3D models of rock outcrops.  These will have overlays available to highlight important features.  The models can serve as virtual field trips for classes or labs.  They are also educational aids to help train new geologists to see geologically important details.  Camera and tripod set up to model Z fold at Mission Creek, Kelowna, British Columbia.

Crinoid skeletal crystallography – I am documenting patterns in the orientations of the crystals that fossil sea lilies use to build their skeletons.  These patterns can show evolutionary relationships among these fossil animals, as well as reveal clues to how they grew their skeletons.  Light reflecting off microscopic calcite crystals grown on crinoid stem and cirri in order to measure crystallographic orientations.