[Italian Fascism]
Before class * Read Palmer, 785-790 * Key terms fascio di combattimento (Blackshirts) March on Rome Benito Mussolini squadristi Duce corporative state * Key questions
    1. Describe Mussolini's background and ideas. 2. How did Mussolini and the Fascists take advantage of the postwar situation of dissatisfaction and unrest in Italy? 3. "In other countries Fascism came to be regarded as a possible alternative to democratic or parliamentary government and a corrective for troubles whose reality no one could deny." Comment.
* Key quotation
    If it is admitted that the nineteenth century has been the century of Socialism, Liberalism and Democracy, it does not follow that the twentieth must also be the century of Liberalism, Socialism and Democracy. Political doctrines pass; peoples remain. It is to be expected that this century may be that of authority, a century of the “Right,” a Fascist century. If the nineteenth was the century of the individual it may be expected that this one may be the century of “collectivism” and therefore the century of the State. Benito Mussolini, The Doctrine of Fascism (1932)



[Italian Fascism]
In class * Outline 1. Totalitarianism 2. Mussolini and the rise of Fascism 3. Fascist state * Key terms Benito Mussolini fascio March on Rome corporative state * Key concepts: totalitarianism; dictatorship * Key question: Why Mussolini?