[Meanings of World War II]
Before class: * Read Palmer, 801-832 * Key terms Maginot Line conferences: Teheran, Yalta, Potsdam Neville Chamberlain blitzkrieg remilitarization of the Rhineland Dunkirk Anschluss Vichy France Francisco Franco Lend-lease Spanish Civil War United Nations appeasement Sudetenand Munich crisis peace in our time Nazi-Soviet Pact Atlantic Charter battles: Britain, Moscow, El Alamein, Stalingrad Dresden Albert Speer Final Solution * Key questions
      1. What explanations may be suggested for the pacifism of the Western powers in the 1930s? 2. Describe the emergencies precipitated by Hitler from 1933 to the eve of the Munich crisis. 3. Why may the Munich crisis be considered the climax of the policy of appeasement? Explain the circumstances under which the Western powers abandoned the policy. 4. What caused the collapse of France in 1940? What happened to the country after defeat? 5. How did Britain react to the Nazi conquests through the summer of 1940? (See map on p. 818) Explain the nature and results of the battle of Britain. 6. Explain the nature of the combination aligned against the Axis by 1942. Why were the Russians dissatisfied with the failure to open a true "second front"? 7. What different attitudes toward the postwar settlement can be discerned in Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin, respectively? What decisions were reached at the various conferences they held? How did the peace settlement after WWII differ from the peace settlement after WWI? 8. The second World War has been called the greatest conflict in human history, in part because of the heavy toll of civilian lives. Assess the responsibility of each of the major participants for the destruction of populations and other atrocities during the war.
* Key quotation
      From the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931 to the outbreak of European war in 1939, force was used by those who wished to revise the international order, but never by those who wished to maintain it.



[Meanings of World War II]
In class * Outline 1. Introduction: Culture and the Holocaust 2. Diplomatics 3. The military conflict 4. The home front * Key terms
    Holocaust blitzkrieg Neville Chamberlain Winston Churchill League of Nations battles: Britain, Stalingrad, El Alamein Peace Ballot D-Day appeasement Hiroshima Anschluss Sudentenland Nazi-Soviet Pact
* Key questions 1. Where and when did appeasement fail? 2. Why did Germany lose and the USSR win World War II? * Key concept: third industrial revolution * Key quotations
    How horrible, fantastic, incredible it is that we should be digging trenches and trying on gas masks here because of a quarrel in a far-away country between people of whom we know nothing. Neville Chamberlain (1938) Before Alamein we never had a victory; after we never had a defeat. Winston Churchill